Sar Image Simulation Strategies for Mapping

SAR (synthetic aperture radar) images can be synthesized in a realistic way by means of an image simulator. This may be useful for several purposes, such as user training or future SAR system design. A simulation strategy depends on modelling constraints and on the purpose for which the simulation is required. After a brief historical overview and an attempt to classify the main SAR image simulation strategies according to different criteria, this paper focuses on the use of SAR image simulation for mapping and for map validation. Some modelling issues related to the constraints of mapping techniques are discussed. Finally, three mapping applications are considered, namely, DEM (digital elevation model) extraction, change detection and SAR image geocoding. For each of them, the contribution of SAR image simulation is discussed and the different strategies are compared, both for the mapping process itself and for its validation.